Fuel filter



Feb. 12, 1935. F c;- MOCK 1,990,875

FUEL FILTER Filed OCC. 5, `1953 I N I/ EN TOR. m A C. MUC/f ATTORNEY.'

Patented Feb. 12, 1935 UNITED STATES,

FUEL FILTER VFrank C. Mock, Montclair, N. J., assignor to EclipseAviation Corporation, East Orange, N. J., a corporation of New JerseyApplication October 3, 1933, Serial No. 692,017

4 Claims.

This invention relates to fuel injectors for internal combustionengines.

Although it is customary to provide fuel injectors with oil strainersassociated therewith,

these strainers ordinarily pass a small amount of fine sediment whichcollects in the injector and seriously aects its operation.

A plurality of separate strainers may be employed, but each strainermust be individually cleaned as well as the injector valve itself, andit is one of the objects of the present invention to simplify thecleaning of the parts by combining a lter which is adapted to removefine sediment with a fuel injector.

Another object of the invention is to provide a fuel injector in whichthe velocity of the fuel is materially reduced adjacent the injectororifice.

Another object of the invention is to provide a combined filter andinjector valve which is cm- V pact and easily disassembled.

Another object of the invention is to provide a fuel injector with alter which also serves as a guide for the injector fuel valve.

Another object of the invention is to provide a fuel injector in whichthe fuel is brought into close contact with the heated body of theinjector in order to reduce the fuel viscosity.

A feature of the invention relates to the novel construction of theinjector wherein the body portion is provided with a cylindrical openingin which are inserted the tubular lter and the injector nozzle. Thetubular filter and the nozzle are held in position by a bushing threadedinto the body of the injector and the filter functions as a guide forthe injector needle valve which is adapted to open and close thedischarge orice in the nozzle at some predetermined fuel pressure, thefuel being directed through a tortuous passage formed between the filterand the injector body.

Other objects and features of the invention will be apparent from thefollowing description in connection with which a preferred embodiment ofthe invention has been illustrated in the accompanying drawing in which:

Fig. 1 is a horizontal sectional view through the improved injector;

Fig.2 is an enlarged view partly in section of the valve guide;

Fig. 3 is a sectional view taken along the line 3-3 of Fig. 2; and jFig. 4 is a. sectional view taken along the line 4 4 of Fig. 2.

Referring to the drawing, the engine cylinder is represented at 9 inwhich is installed the fuel injector 10 having a body portion 11provided with cooling fins 12 and a cylindrical bore 13 within which isa fuel nozzle 14. The body 11 is providedwith an inturned flange 16 forlocating the nozzle 14, spacing washers 17 of interchange- 5 ableconstruction being used to determine the position of the nozzle.Abutting nozzle 14 is a tubular guide member 18 having a cylindricalouter portion 19 of slightly less diameter than the interior of bodyportion 11 and having a pair 10 of longitudinally extending grooves 21and 22. Additional grooves 23 and 24 are also provided, grooves 23 beingin communication with longitudinal groove 22 and extending partiallyaround the periphery of the guide but terminating ad- 15 jacent groove21, as shown in Fig. 3. Grooves 24 are of similar construction and arein communication with groove 21 but terminate adjacent groove 22, asshown in Fig. 4. Groove 22 is adapted to be placed in communication witha source of fuel supply by means of groovev 26 and passageway 27 formedin the connection 28. The

groove 24 which is adjacent nozzle 14 is in communication with theinterior of the sleeve by openings 29 which are drilled radially of thesleeve. Bothnozzle 14 and sleeve 18 are held in position within thehousing by a nut 31 which has a central opening 32 large enough topermit the insertion of injector valve 33 which is slidable` within theguide and has a reduced portion 34 adjacent the seat 36 which closes theopening 37 in the injector nozzle. Nozzle 14 is'provided with a collar20 which is/pressed within the bore of sleeve 18 to preserve thealignment of the parts upon removal of the sleeve and valve as a unit.35 Valve 33 is resiliently held upon its seat by a spring 38 coactingbetween the flange 39 and the removable cap 40 in which is an opening 41adapted to permit the passage of air into and out of the chamber 42. 40

In the operation of the device, fuel is introduced through passage 27 tothe groove 22 from Awhich it flows into the circumferential grooves 23.It has been previously stated that the outer diameter of sleeve 18 isslightly less than the inner diameter of thehousing, therefore lands 25form with the housing narrow passageways through which the fuel passesto the grooves 24 and is led to longitudinal groove 21. The oil flowsfrom groove 21 to the annular space44 at the end of the guide and atsome predetermined pressure will force the valve '33 toward theleft, asviewed in Fig. 1, to 4open orifice 37 and permit the fuel to be injectedinto the cylinder 9. It may be` noted from they above describedconstruction that the fuel in its passage toward the engine is directedagainst the housing 11 which, during the operation of the engine, willbe heated, and the fuel prior to its delivery to the engine will havereached a temperature Whereat lits viscosity is materially reduced. Thefuel is reduced to a thin layer during its passage across lands 25 andbecause of the reduced viscosity in grooves 23 and 24 any sediment inthe fuel will collect in the grooves and may be easily removed therefromby removing the device from the housing by means of nut 31. It will alsobe noted that sleeve 18 not only acts as a filter but also serves as aguide for the valve stem 34 and that the entire assembly may be removedas a unit by means of nut 31 or the valve stem 33 may be removedseparately by means of nut 40. Removal of the injector unit also permitsremoval of nozzle 14 if it should be desired to substitute anothernozzle having a different orifice size. The rear portion 46 of sleeve 18is preferably of the same size as the interior of the housing in orderto position the sleeve therein and in order to permit removal of .thesleeve the rear portion of the opening is preferably threaded at 47 topermit the engagement of any suitable tool.

While a preferred embodiment of the invention has been illustrated anddescribed, it is understood that this showing and description areillustrative only and that the invention is not regarded as limited tothe forms shown and described or otherwise, except by the terms of thefollowing v claims.

What is claimed is:

1. A fuel injector for an engine comprising a body portion having acyli'ndrical opening terminating in an inturned flange integral With thebody which is exposed to the engine cylinder temperature, a tubularvalve guide therein having a portion of its outer surface of slightlyless diameter than the opening, a longitudinal groove on the exterior ofthe guide, a peripheral groove in communication with the longitudinalgroove, a second peripheral groove axially displaced from the rstgroove, both of said peripheral grooves being on the small diameterportion of the guide, a valve slidable in the guide, a removable nozzlewithin the housing opening having a collar projecting Within the bore ofthe guide, means forming an opening adjacent the collar for connectingthe second peripheral groove with the interior of the guide, said guide,valve and nozzle being removable as a unit, and means the openingcoacting with the housing to form a. fuel filter, said guide and nozzlehaving por` tions thereof in telescoped relation,

means coacting with the body for clamping said guide and nozzle againstthe shoulder, a

valve slidable in the guide for controlling the' nozzle, said guide,valve and nozzle being removable as a unit, and means for directing fuelfrom the exterior of the body through the filter to the nozzle.

3. A fuel injector for an engine comprising a body portion having acylindrical opening terminating in an integral inturned flange exposedto engine cylinder temperature, a nozzle having an exterior ofsubstantially the same diameter as the opening positioned adjacent saidflange, a valve guide slidable in the opening and abutting said nozzle,a nut coacting with the body and guide for clamping said nozzle againstthe flange, a valve slidable in the guide for controllingthe nozzle,cooling fins on said body portion arranged around said guide, saidguide, valve and nozzle being removable as a unit, and means including asecond nut threaded on the first nut for retaining the lvalve in theguide.

4. A fuel injector for an engine comprising a body having a cylindricalopening terminating in an integral inturned flange exposed to enginecylinder temperature, a nozzle having a cylindrical exterior slidable inthe opening and abutting the flange, a tubular valve guide abutting thenozzle, said guide having twoV series of adjacent grooves thereon withcylindrical portions therebetween of slightly less diameter than theopening, means for conecting one series of grooves with the interior ofthe guide, means for connecting the other series of grooves with asource of fuel, a nut threaded on the body for clamping the sleeve andnozzle against the flange, said nut having a central opening, a valveslidable in the guide having a portion extending through the nutopening, said guide, valve and nozzle being removable as a unit, and aspring coacting with the nut urging the valve against the nozzle tocontrol the same.

FRANK C. MOCK.

